Memory Management in Operating Systems free essay sample

Memory management in multiple operating systems An operating system is responsible for assigning memory to processes so that processes can be executed. Broadly, this responsibility is defined as memory management, and operating systems handle memory management differently. Any operating system must do two things in order to handle memory effectively. First, an operating system must be able to allocate and free physical memory. Second, an operating system must have techniques in place to keep track of the location of programs in physical memory. Examples of the ways different operating systems handle memory management can be seen by evaluating the Linux and the Windows 7 operating systems. In order to keep track of the locations of programs in physical memory, the Linux operating system employs virtual memory techniques. â€Å"The Linux virtual memory system is responsible for maintaining the address space visible to each process. It creates pages of virtual memory on demand and manages loading those pages from disk and swapping them back out to disk as required. We will write a custom essay sample on Memory Management in Operating Systems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † (Silberschatz, 2009, p. 823) It is evident that Linux uses a paging strategy with its virtual memory technique. When the Linux operating system attempts to execute a program, the operating system will not directly access the program from physical memory. Instead, it will access a table of virtual memory addresses that keeps track of physical memory locations. This virtual memory address will then reference the physical memory location of a program so that it can be placed for execution in the CPU. The allocation of physical memory varies depending on the architecture of a computer, but with the Linux operating system, â€Å"the primary physical-memory manager in the Linux kernel is the page allocator. (Silberschatz, 2009, p. 820) The page allocator carries the responsibility of dynamically freeing and allocating all physical memory. The page allocator is a primary tool of all memory subsystems used in the Linux operating system. Of these subsystems, â€Å"the most important are the virtual memory system†¦, the kmalloc() variable-length allocator; the slab allocator, used for allocating memory for kernel data structures; and the page cache, used for caching pages belong to files. † (Silberschatz, 2009, p. 821) In Windows, â€Å"the memory manager implements virtual memory, provides a core set of services such as memory mapped files, copy-on-write memory, large memory support, and underlying support for the cache manager. † (Microsoft, 2012) Windows employs virtual memory techniques in a similar way to the Linux operating system. It also uses a process of file mapping in order to keep track of the location of files in physical memory. Virtual memory addresses are tracked in memory and have pointers that reference the physical location of a process on disk. In order to allocate and free memory, Windows uses a variety of different methods instead of a one-size fits all page allocator like Linux. Each method has different advantages and disadvantages and utilizes different memory management subsystems, the details of which are discussed in Microsoft documentation. These advantages and disadvantages are important for developers. The methods are CoTaskMemAlloc(), GlobalAlloc(), HeapAlloc(), LocalAlloc(), malloc(), new(), and VirtualAlloc(). There are a myriad of memory management techniques, and Windows and Linux, two major operating systems, employ techniques that share similarities but also have differences. According to Abraham Silberschatz (2009), â€Å"the memory-management algorithms [used by operating systems] vary from a primitive bare-machine approach to paging and segmentation strategies.

Essay Topics That Will Fit Your Needs

Essay Topics That Will Fit Your NeedsWhen you want to write a women's rights essay, you will need to select essay topics that are both relevant and engaging. The problem is that there are so many themes that you can use, that it can be difficult to choose the best one for your needs. The following tips will help you narrow down your choices and get started on creating your essay.When you're looking for topics, you will need to think about how these topics relate to what you want to say. For example, if you want to use the topic of women's health in an essay, it may be best to use something else entirely. However, if you want to focus on someone's experience with sexual harassment, that is something that you should be willing to write about. This may also be a good idea if you want to talk about sexual violence, assault, or rape as a whole.You may also want to think about whether you want to use research papers, or other forms of writing to get your point across. There are some themes that are best when you use research, and there are some that are best used with literary sources. While it may be important to have sources, it can be equally important to have enough writing that you can add your own personal spin on the essay.You should also consider the topics that you will be using as your essay topics when you begin writing. You may find that the topics that you thought would be appropriate for essay topics can actually not be used to express certain ideas. In this case, you may want to consider turning the essay into a dialogue between the two authors or other groups involved. Using a couple of these options will allow you to reach different audiences and still get the message across in a way that is meaningful.You may also want to make sure that you understand all of the essay topics that you are writing before you start writing them. Some of the essay topics that you will need to write will require you to be creative and use your imagination. When you do no t know what topics you will be using, you will find that you may end up doing things that are not right. At this point, you should be able to talk about the topic that you are not familiar with.It may also be a good idea to consider using alternative sources for your essays on women's rights. This way, you can explore different topics that are similar to what you are trying to convey, but with the added bonus of being original. If you have problems with your essay, you can try to turn it into something that can be read by a broader audience.In addition to looking at essay topics, you should also consider how your education can impact your education on women's rights. You should learn as much as you can about the topic of women's rights and what they mean to you, while also giving yourself a chance to learn about your current college courses. You should also take the time to learn about your college's policies that pertain to the topic of women's rights so that you can ensure that yo u are prepared and able to fight for your rights when it comes time to graduate.You will find that there are many ways that you can explore topics on women's rights that are similar to the topics that you have already written. However, by narrowing down your choices and learning more about the topic of women's rights, you will be able to craft a more unique essay that is relevant to you and can allow you to reach the audience that you are seeking.